What is a Rare 1943 Copper Lincoln Penny?
The phrase “1943 copper Lincoln penny” refers to a handful of Lincoln cents struck on bronze or copper planchets in a year when the U.S. Mint switched to zinc-coated steel. These coins are extremely uncommon and can command high prices when authenticated.
This article explains how to identify a genuine 1943 copper Lincoln penny, common fakes, simple tests you can do at home, and the next steps if you believe you own one.
Why Most 1943 Pennies Are Steel
During World War II, copper was needed for war production. The U.S. Mint changed the cent composition in 1943 from copper-alloy to zinc-coated steel to conserve copper for military use.
Because steel cents were the norm in 1943, any copper-looking cent dated 1943 is an unusual error or a specialty piece that needs careful inspection.
How Rare Is a 1943 Copper Lincoln Penny?
Only a small number of 1943 copper cents are known to exist. Estimates vary, but collectors generally agree the population is very limited, making each authenticated example valuable.
How to Identify a Genuine 1943 Copper Lincoln Penny
Before assuming major value, run basic checks. Do not clean or alter a potential example—cleaning can destroy market value and make authentication harder.
Quick home checks
- Magnet test: A true copper penny will not stick to a magnet. Most 1943 steel cents are magnetic.
- Weight test: Copper cents weigh about 3.11 grams. Steel cents weigh around 2.7 grams. Use a precise digital scale (0.01 g).
- Color and tone: Copper has a warm reddish-brown color. Be cautious: some steel cents are plated or altered to mimic copper.
Advanced verification steps
- Professional XRF or chemical analysis can confirm metal composition without harming the coin.
- Submit the coin to an established grading service (PCGS, NGC, ANACS) for authentication and encapsulation.
- Compare die markers and mint details with reference images and auction records to match known genuine specimens.
Common Counterfeits and Altered Coins
Most purported 1943 copper cents are altered steel cents or modern forgeries. Typical tampering methods include plating, altering the date, or heat treatments to change toning.
Red flags include: uneven color, plating residue near the rim, mismatched weight, or seller reluctance to allow third-party authentication.
What to avoid
- Buying without third-party certification.
- Accepting a seller’s claims without documentation or provenance.
- Cleaning or polishing the coin yourself.
What If You Find a 1943 Copper Lincoln Penny?
If you believe you have one, follow these steps to protect value and confirm authenticity.
- Handle the coin by the edges and store it in a soft holder or flip.
- Perform non-destructive home checks (magnet and weight).
- Document the coin with clear photos and notes about where and how you found it.
- Submit to a reputable third-party grading service for authentication and grading.
In 1943 the U.S. Mint used zinc-coated steel for cents to save copper for World War II. A few copper planchets were mistakenly used, creating the rare 1943 copper cents collectors seek today.
Case Study: How a Collector Turned a Discovery into an Auction Sale
A private collector discovered a copper-toned 1943 cent in a roll of pennies. The collector did not clean it and first performed a magnet and weight check, which suggested a copper composition.
They documented the find, took high-resolution photos, and submitted the coin to a major grading service for authentication. After certification and a professional grade, the coin was consigned to a major auction house and sold in a seven-figure sale.
This example shows the safe path: do basic home checks, avoid cleaning, get professional authentication, and use reputable selling channels.
Market Value and Realistic Expectations
Authenticated 1943 copper cents have sold for seven-figure sums at auction. Prices vary by grade, provenance, and market conditions. Some specimens have traded above $1 million, and top-quality, well-documented examples can reach or exceed higher figures.
However, the majority of coins presented as 1943 copper are altered steel cents and have far lower value. Proper authentication is essential for realizing any significant price.
Key takeaways
- Do not clean or alter any suspect coin.
- Use simple home tests first: magnet and weight.
- Get third-party authentication from a trusted service.
- Document provenance and avoid private sales without certification.
Finding a possible 1943 copper Lincoln penny is exciting, but careful testing and professional authentication are the only ways to know if it’s worth seven figures. Follow the steps above to protect the coin’s condition and maximize its value.
If you have a coin you want help with, start with the magnet and scale tests, take clear photos, and contact a reputable grading service for next steps.
